The HbA1c test, also known as the Glycated Hemoglobin or A1c test, measures the percentage of hemoglobin in the blood that has glucose attached to it. Since red blood cells live for approximately 2 to 3 months, HbA1c reflects the average blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months, providing a long-term picture of blood glucose control.
This test is one of the most important tools for diagnosing and monitoring diabetes mellitus. It is used to diagnose Type 2 diabetes and prediabetes, monitor long-term blood sugar control in patients with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes, and assess the risk of developing diabetes-related complications such as neuropathy, retinopathy, and kidney disease. Unlike the Fasting Blood Sugar test, HbA1c does not require fasting and can be done at any time of day.
