The Total Protein test measures the combined amount of all proteins in the blood, primarily albumin and globulins. Albumin is produced by the liver and maintains fluid balance, while globulins include immune proteins (antibodies) and transport proteins. Together, they perform essential functions such as fighting infections, transporting hormones, enzymes, and drugs, and maintaining fluid balance in the blood vessels.
This test is used to assess overall nutritional status and to help evaluate liver and kidney function. Abnormal total protein levels can indicate liver disease (hepatitis, cirrhosis), kidney disease (nephrotic syndrome), malnutrition or malabsorption, dehydration, or blood disorders such as multiple myeloma. It is often ordered alongside albumin and globulin tests as part of a comprehensive metabolic panel or liver function test.
